Final answer:
The process by which an organism adjusts to a specific environment is called adaptation, which involves changes enabling the organism to better suit its environment and improve its chances for survival and reproduction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process by which an organism adjusts to a specific environment is called adaptation. Adaptation in biology is defined as the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment. This includes physiological, morphological, and behavioral changes that allow an organism to live and reproduce in a particular habitat. An example of adaptation is the development of thick fur in arctic animals, helping them survive in cold climates.
Adaptations are not constant and can evolve over time. The continuous process of evolution by natural selection enables the characteristics of individuals in a population to align with environmental changes, enhancing their reproductive potential and survival.