Final answer:
A sociological case study or monograph describes and analyzes a single living society at a specific time, examining its culture, social structures, and interactions through sociological imagination.
Step-by-step explanation:
A description and analysis of a single living society at a single point in time is referred to as a sociological case study or monograph. This involves examining various aspects of the society such as its culture, social structures, and interactions to understand how they coincide and function within that society. In sociological terms, society is defined as a group of people living in a specific geographic area who interact with one another and share a common culture. Utilizing what's called sociological imagination, a concept coined by C. Wright Mills, sociologists can relate personal experiences and individual behaviors to broader social and historical contexts.