Final answer:
Participant observation is the method by which cultural anthropologists study people by living among them to gain a deep understanding of their culture.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that refers to cultural anthropologists studying a group of people by living among them is called participant observation. This research method involves the anthropologist entering a cultural community and collecting information through observation of and participation in the culture. Their aim is to gain an 'insider' perspective, which allows for a more profound understanding of social life, practices, and values. Anthropologists often engage in extended fieldwork, sometimes spanning several years, to write ethnographies—detailed studies of the cultures they are immersing themselves in.
For instance, an anthropologist may live among the inhabitants of a remote village to study their daily routines, social interactions, and cultural ceremonies. By adopting local ways of living, eating, dressing, and speaking, the anthropologist gains firsthand experience of the culture. This immersive approach offers rich insights into the complexity and nuances of human societies. It also fosters a detailed examination of how people live, work, study, or vacation within certain cultural borders and respect cultural norms.