Final answer:
Totalitarian governments are political systems with centralized bureaucratic institutions that establish power and authority over large populations in a specific territory.
Step-by-step explanation:
Political systems with centralized bureaucratic institutions that establish power and authority over large populations in a specific territory are known as totalitarian governments or regimes. In these systems, power is concentrated in the hands of a single leader or a small group, and there is often a strong sense of nationalism, a disdain for democratic principles, and a belief in social hierarchy. Examples of totalitarian regimes include dictatorships and oligarchies. These governments typically restrict individual freedoms and promote authoritarian control.