Final answer:
The statement is false; involving problem stakeholders is essential to ensure a variety of perspectives and to prevent biases like groupthink and group polarization. Diverse participation helps to craft solutions that are better aligned with the group's collective preferences.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that problem stakeholders who stand to gain or lose from a situation should be kept out of the decision making process is false. It is crucial to involve all levels of stakeholders to ensure that a variety of perspectives are considered. Exploring the competing values underlying people's actions can lead to mutual understanding and agreement over decisions. Indeed, when multiple voices are heard in a decision-making process, including those of problem stakeholders, the result can be more closely tailored to the group's preferences as a whole. Additionally, group dynamics like group polarization can lead to stronger collective endorsements of initial viewpoints, further demonstrating the importance of diverse participation to counteract such effects. However, it is essential to implement strategies such as seeking outside opinions, voting in private, and the leader withholding position statements to avoid groupthink and foster more balanced and objective decision making.