Final answer:
The term for 'Roman-ness' in terms of cultural practices, beliefs, and social organization is Romanitas. This concept included virtues that were essential to Roman identity and deeply influenced their politics, society, and religion. Romanitas represented a respect for tradition and the blending of religion with public life.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term for Roman-ness concerning practices, beliefs, and social organization is Romanitas. This concept encapsulated the Roman virtues of civility, strength, honesty, eloquence in public speaking, military prowess, and political collaboration. Romanitas also implied a deep respect for the mos maiorum, or 'way of the ancestors', which guided public and private life through a blend of tradition and law. This unwritten code affected all aspects of life in ancient Rome, influencing their conservative politics, class-based societal structure, and their highly religious daily practices. Religious offices and practices not only had significant spiritual importance but served to strengthen the political and social order.
Significant religious positions like the Pontifex Maximus, and practices such as the service of Vestal Virgins, illustrate how intertwined religion was with other aspects of Roman life. Similarly, the shared cultural values under Romanitas were expressed in public works and celebrations, including the funding of buildings and games by the Roman elite as an expression of loyalty and cultural pride. The multifaceted Roman religion was initially based on the Greek pantheon and evolved to include the worship of the emperor, showcasing the flexibility and adaptability of the Roman religious and cultural identity.