Final answer:
The Great Migration was the relocation of 1.5 million African Americans from the South to the North, Midwest, and West from 1910 to 1930, seeking economic opportunity and escaping segregation, which led to significant cultural impacts such as the Harlem Renaissance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Great Migration refers to the mass movement of approximately 1.5 million African Americans out of the American South to the North, Midwest, and West between 1910 and 1930. Many African Americans left the South to escape Jim Crow segregation laws and to seek better economic opportunities, particularly in northern cities such as Chicago, New York, and Detroit.
This migration had significant cultural and societal impacts, like the notable rise of the Harlem Renaissance and increased political activism among African Americans in the new urban centers they inhabited. The movement also indirectly led to instances of urban violence and tension, including numerous race riots, as African Americans started competing with whites for jobs and housing, challenging the racial status quo.