Final answer:
Well-developed knowledge and abilities in understanding and applying societal norms, rather than focusing solely on parental beliefs or abstract thoughts, are necessary for effective moral development according to Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development.
Step-by-step explanation:
Well-Developed Knowledge for Moral Development
For effective moral development, certain well-developed knowledge, abilities, and values are essential. However, not all types of knowledge and abilities are necessary. According to Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development, the conventional level c. implies that children begin to consider what society deems moral and immoral. This level focuses on understanding the societal norms and expectations, rather than just personal pain and pleasure or the influence of parental beliefs on morality.
Lawrence Kohlberg emphasizes that moral development is an integral part of socialization, where people learn to distinguish between 'good' and 'bad' by societal standards. This development prevents acting on unchecked urges, instead considering what is right for society and good for others. The ability to consider societal viewpoints, rather than merely focusing on parental beliefs or abstract thoughts, is a critical part of moral development. Thus, well-developed knowledge unrelated to understanding and applying societal norms would not be necessary for effective moral development.