Final answer:
The subsistence pattern of the Y people cannot be classified as hunting and gathering (foraging), but rather as a combination of hunting and gardening.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subsistence pattern of the Y people cannot be classified as hunting and gathering (foraging) because although they do spend a significant amount of time hunting, they also dedicate a substantial amount of time to gardening. In fact, Chagnon states that they spend as much or more time hunting as they do gardening. This means that their subsistence pattern involves both hunting and gardening, and should be classified as a combination of these two activities. They can be categorized as a subsistence pattern that combines hunting and gardening because they engage in both activities to sustain themselves.