Final answer:
Consanguineal relationships are established through descent, or "blood." It represents a biological connection and is indicated by a single line on a kinship chart. This type of relationship is commonly practiced in the United States and many modernized nations.
Step-by-step explanation:
Consanguineal relationships are established through descent, or "blood." In kinship charts, a consanguineal tie represents a biological connection or a connection "by blood." It is indicated by a single line on the chart and is considered to be a permanent tie that cannot be broken. For example, when tracing one's lineage, both paternal and maternal ancestors are considered part of one's family, indicating a consanguineal tie to both sides of the family. This type of relationship is commonly practiced in the United States and many modernized nations, following a bilateral descent pattern.