Final answer:
The shift in marriage in the United States and Europe is from traditional marriage to non-traditional forms of marriage, such as consensual unions, cohabitation, and same-sex marriages.
Step-by-step explanation:
The shift in marriage in the United States and Europe is from traditional marriage to non-traditional forms of marriage, such as consensual unions, cohabitation, and same-sex marriages. In urban Western societies, changes in socioeconomic opportunities and gender roles have led to a decrease in the importance of traditional marriage. For example, in Iceland, the majority of children are now born outside of marriage to committed unmarried couples. These changes are influenced by social policies, evolving norms, and individual preferences.