Final answer:
Refined grains in the US are enriched with some of the nutrients lost during processing, such as B vitamins and iron, and may also be fortified with additional nutrients. Modified foods include examples like calcium-fortified orange juice and iodized salt. Health professionals can provide advice on the effects of these modified foods.
Step-by-step explanation:
To restore some of the lost nutrients, refined grains sold in the US are enriched with some, but not all of the nutrients lost in processing. Enrichment is the process of adding certain nutrients such as B vitamins and iron back to foods from which they have been removed during processing. Some grains are also fortified, which means that nutrients that are not originally present in the food or are present in insignificant amounts are added to increase its nutritional value. This fortification can help address dietary deficiencies in the population. For example, fortification occurs when vitamin D is added to milk, or when iodine is added to table salt. Also, certain modified foods are enhanced with additional nutrients or bioactive compounds to further improve their nutritional value, such as calcium-fortified orange juice and cereals fortified with vitamins and minerals.
Despite these efforts, it's important to note that these processes do not always replace the full spectrum of nutrients that are lost during the initial refining process, and the health benefits of modified foods may be subject to debate. It's also crucial to check with health professionals regarding the effects of these modified foods on your health.