Final answer:
Highly reactive chemicals or those in large containers must be stored carefully in suitable containers like high-density polyethylene, steel, or other appropriate materials, depending on the chemical's properties. Safety instructions for handling and storing chemicals, such as using fume hoods and safe handling of acids, are crucial to prevent accidents in the lab.
Step-by-step explanation:
Chemicals that are highly reactive or kept in containers greater than one gallon must be stored with special consideration for safety. Reactive chemicals like sodium, which must be stored under oil to prevent reactions with air or moisture, and poisonous gases like chlorine, need to be stored in appropriate containers that can prevent any leaks or reactions. For example, high-density polyethylene containers can be used for certain chemicals, while others may require steel containers due to their reactivity or flammability.
When handling chemicals in a laboratory setting, it is important to follow safety instructions carefully. This includes not exposing chemicals to flames or heat sources unless instructed, using fume hoods to avoid inhalation of harmful vapors, and storing flammable chemicals safely to prevent ignition. Additionally, safety precautions like adding acid to water rather than the reverse, never heating thick glassware, and ensuring that gas cylinders are stored at appropriate pressures are essential to prevent accidents.