Final answer:
Forensic anthropology teaches us about the characteristics of individuals and the nature of crimes through the study of bones. It contributes to identifying human remains, their demographic characteristics, and interprets trauma or disease markers, aiding criminal investigations and enhancing our understanding of human evolution.
Step-by-step explanation:
From the study of bones in the field of forensic anthropology, we can learn a great deal about the individuals involved in crimes and past events. For instance, forensic anthropologists use their expertise to determine aspects like the age, sex, race, and height of individuals from their skeletal remains. Additionally, they can interpret signs of trauma or disease which may indicate the cause of death or lifestyle of the deceased. An understanding of human osteology is critical when assisting medical and legal professionals to identify human remains and contribute to criminal investigations.
Biological anthropology also allows us to understand our species' evolutionary past, looking at how our anatomical structures have adapted over time. This field is not limited to contemporary cases; it also includes historical events as outlined by the analysis of the Jamestown colony, where forensic anthropology was used to confirm evidence of cannibalism during a period of severe starvation.
Employing scientific methods such as archaeological excavation, examination of hair, understanding of plants, insects, and footprints, forensic anthropologists are able to determine much information from remains. This may include how long ago a person died and whether there have been postmortem alterations to the skeleton. The information provided by forensic anthropologists is essential for forensic pathologists to determine the cause of death conclusively.