Final answer:
An individual with the same allele on both homologous chromosomes is referred to as homozygous. The homozygous condition entails having identical alleles for a specific gene, which is different from a heterozygous condition where the alleles are different.
Step-by-step explanation:
When an individual has the same allele on homologous chromosomes, this condition is called homozygous. Being homozygous means having two identical alleles for a given gene on the homologous chromosomes. For example, if the gene for flower color in a plant has alleles for red (R) and white (r), a plant that has two copies of the red allele (RR) or two copies of the white allele (rr) would be homozygous for the flower color trait.
In contrast, an individual with heterozygous condition has two different alleles for a particular gene on their homologous chromosomes (such as Rr for the flower color). The hybridization process is a mating strategy aimed at achieving specific characteristics in the offspring from parents with different traits, which often results in heterozygous genotypes.