Final answer:
Humans have the longest gestation period among the primates listed, at 266 days, compared to the shorter gestation period of 237 days for chimpanzees.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the following primates, the one with the longest period of gestation is human (Homo sapiens) with a gestation period of 266 days. Other primates such as the macaque and chimpanzee have shorter gestation periods. It's important to note that the gestation periods of primates vary, but all of the listed primates do indeed have gestation periods, contrary to choice D. Specifically, chimpanzee gestation is 237 days.
Primates, such as humans and chimpanzees, share many characteristics including large brains, social behaviors, and extended periods of juvenile learning. One fundamental biological process shared among eutherian mammals is the gestation period, during which the developing embryo is carried within the womb before birth.