Final answer:
Violence amongst a small-scale society can be caused by the transmission of hatred across generations, mutual suspicion between different groups, and competition for scarce resources in certain ecological conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Violence amongst a small-scale society can be elicited by various factors. One significant factor is the transmission of hatred across generations due to cultural differences or conflicts over political, economic, religious, or territorial reasons. Mutual suspicion between different groups, arising from aggressive acts, misunderstandings, or differences in beliefs or languages, can escalate to overt hostility and eventually violence. Additionally, competition for scarce resources in certain ecological conditions can also be an underlying cause of conflict.