Final answer:
The primary difference lies in the level of skill required and the distribution of surplus value. In the first example, the individual crafts the toy and retains most of the surplus value, while in the second example, the factory owner receives the majority of the surplus value. The level of control over the production process also differs between the two examples.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary difference between the two examples is the level of skill required and the distribution of surplus value. In the first example, where a hand-made wooden toy is made and sold out of a personal shop, the individual is using their own craftsmanship skills to create the toy and retain most of the surplus value when selling it. In the second example, where a wooden toy is assembled from pre-made parts in a factory, the majority of the surplus value goes to the factory owner, as the labor involved is less skilled and the factory holds greater control over the production process.
In the first example, the individual is personally responsible for the entire process from beginning to end, including the design and carving of the toy. They are able to set their own prices and determine the value of their labor. However, in the second example, where the labor is more standardized and less skill-intensive, the factory owner has greater control over the production process and is able to dictate the prices and distribution of surplus value.
Overall, the primary difference lies in the level of skill involved in creating the product and the control over the surplus value generated.