Final answer:
In East Africa, robust australopithecines are referred to as d. Paranthropus, which includes species with a muscular build and large grinding teeth, distinct from other early hominins such as Orrorin.
Step-by-step explanation:
In East Africa, robust australopithecines are also called Paranthropus. This genus includes species such as Paranthropus robustus, Paranthropus boisei, and Paranthropus aethiopicus. These robust hominids were characterized by a muscular build, large grinding teeth for a coarse vegetarian diet, and they went extinct more than one million years ago. They are distinguished from other early hominins such as Orrorin tugenensis, which is known for features suggesting bipedalism and is much older, dating to approximately 6 million years ago. Sahelanthropus and Gigantopithecus are other genera of hominids but are not considered robust australopithecines.