Final answer:
Language ideologies can be articulated by individuals or incorporated into national policies through various means, such as education systems and media. An example is language planning in Belgium, where the Flemish-speaking community has historically promoted Dutch language at the expense of other languages.
Step-by-step explanation:
Language ideologies can be articulated by individuals or incorporated into national policies through various means. One way this can happen is through education systems, where certain languages or dialects may be promoted or marginalized. For example, a national policy might require that a specific language be used as the medium of instruction in schools, effectively privileging that language and devaluing others. Another way language ideologies can be articulated is through media and public discourse, where certain languages or accents may be portrayed as prestigious or superior, while others are stigmatized or seen as uneducated.
An example of language ideologies being incorporated into national policy is the case of language planning in countries with multiple language communities. For instance, in Belgium, the Flemish-speaking community has been historically dominant and has had policies that prioritize and promote the Dutch language. This has led to the marginalization of languages like French and German in certain domains, such as education and government.
In conclusion, language ideologies can shape national policies and individual behaviors. They can be articulated through education systems, media, and public discourse, leading to the privileging or marginalization of certain languages or dialects.