Final answer:
The practice where only part of a pastoral group leads herds to different pastures is known as transhumance, a sustainable form of livestock grazing that involves seasonal movement between two permanent settlements.
Step-by-step explanation:
The practice among certain pastoralists where only a portion of the group leads the herds to different pastures while others stay back in permanent settlements is known as transhumance. This form of pastoralism allows for the division of labor and the strategic movement of livestock according to seasonal cycles, ensuring sustainable grazing and the health of the herds. In this system, typically, the younger and more able-bodied members of the community move with the animals, while the elderly, children, and others may remain in the settlements, engaged in activities like farming, schooling, and healthcare. This arrangement not only maintains the livestock but also supports a stable base for the group's culture and society.Transhumance is a traditional form of pastoralism where groups like the Bedouin may move herds between two permanent settlements designed for the different seasons, utilizing vast knowledge of the environment, animals, and natural resources. This method is essential in environments where unpredictable rainfall and marginal lands make it difficult to sustain herds without moving them to fresh pastures. It also reflects a deep historical relationship between humans and animals, emphasizing the value of domesticated animals and the intricate dynamics of pastoral societies.