Final answer:
Modern nation states commonly have a cultivated sense of national identity, which is developed through governmental and societal practices like education, media, national symbols, and public rituals. They are characterized by a homogeneous nation unified under one government, unlike ancient states focused mainly on territory and bureaucracy without cultural uniformity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Modern nation states differ from the states of the ancient civilizations in that modern states commonly have a sense of national identity that is systematically fostered and reinforced through various governmental and societal practices. Unlike ancient empires, which were primarily concerned with territorial control and bureaucratic governance without much focus on cultural uniformity, modern states endeavor to cultivate a sense of peoplehood among their citizens. This is achieved through a variety of means, including public education, media, national symbols such as flags and anthems, and public rituals and holidays that promote a common heritage and destiny. Additionally, the political system of federalism in countries like the United States allows for a unique sharing of power between state and national governments, further contributing to the country's distinctive national identity.
The concept of a nation state is characterized by the alignment of a homogeneous group of people (the nation) with a centralized government (the state), forming a unified entity where the majority of citizens share a common heritage and participate in a collective governance. This contrasts with the ancient state structures that often resulted in multiethnic empires with little regard to creating a unified national culture.