Final answer:
The best theory of early state formation likely combines integrative and conflict pressures, considering the complex evolution of societies and changes in immigration and technology.
Step-by-step explanation:
This tutorial concludes that the theory of early state formation that is most likely the best one is a blend of integrative and conflict pressures, reflecting a collective understanding of state formation influenced by population growth, social stratification, militaristic threats, and trade opportunities. The original theory presented by Daniel Elazar that divided the United States into three distinct political cultures (moralistic, individualistic, and traditionalistic) based on the migratory patterns of immigrants from East to West has been challenged due to changes in immigration patterns and the ease of movement facilitated by technology and transportation. Consequently, early state formation is now understood within a more dynamic and complex framework that takes into consideration the evolution of societies from bands, tribes, chiefdoms to states, as proposed by anthropologist Elman Service, and variations on the theme of conflict as a basis for civilization, as suggested by sociologist Ludwig Gumplowicz. This theory of early state formation being shaped by a myriad of factors, including political culture, is more reflective of the historical evolution of human societies.