Final answer:
Human societies became more complex as they transitioned from foraging to horticulture and intensive agriculture. This shift, known as the Neolithic Revolution, led to permanent settlements, specialized labor, development of social classes, governments, trade, and advanced technology.
Step-by-step explanation:
As human societies evolved from foraging to horticulture and eventually intensive agriculture, one of the notable changes was that societies became more complex. The development of agriculture, often referred to as the Neolithic Revolution, allowed human groups to settle in one place, leading to the formation of permanent settlements and a structured division of labor. With the capability to produce surplus food, individuals could specialize in tasks other than farming, like becoming artisans or traders, which fostered the growth of more complex societal roles and structures.
Additionally, as the agricultural revolution progressed, technology also advanced. Tools made from metal replaced those made from more ephemeral materials. Larger settlements evolved into towns and cities, which eventually became hubs of trade and commerce.
Ultimately, these changes were significant in the development of civilizations. The societal complexity included the establishment of governments, development of writing and numerical systems, and the differentiation of social statuses, often evident in the division between wealthy landowners and the less prosperous.