Final answer:
Homo erectus migrated from Africa to parts of Eurasia as early as 1.9 million years ago, leaving Africa and moving towards regions like the Near East, Europe, and Asia. Fossil evidence suggests they spread widely, adapting to various environmental conditions, contributing to the diversity in human evolution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The migration paths of Homo erectus out of Africa have been pieced together using fossil evidence from various countries. As early as 1.9 million years ago, Homo erectus, an early species in the genus Homo, left Africa and moved northward into what would be now known as Eurasia. This migration is evidenced by fossils found in countries such as Georgia (Dmanisi hominins), Indonesia (Java), and possibly even farther into East and Southeast Asia.
By following game, rivers, and lake shores, Homo erectus populations reached areas like the Near East and North Africa. Their bones and artifacts have been discovered in places that span multiple continents, indicating their large geographic spread. They adapted to various environmental conditions which led to biological diversity among different human species, including Homo heidelbergensis, Neanderthals, Denisovans, and eventually modern humans, Homo sapiens.
This dispersal from Africa was a complex journey that involved multiple waves of migration over a lengthy period. The prevailing theories suggest that their paths took them from East Africa to North Africa, the Near East, Europe, and across Asia, adapting to the changing landscapes and climates along the way.