Final answer:
Cultural evolution differs from biological evolution in that it is driven by social learning, innovation, and dissemination of ideas rather than genetic modifications over time. Cultural evolution can occur more rapidly and is not tied to genetic inheritance, whereas biological evolution is a slow process guided by natural selection and genetic variation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cultural evolution and biological evolution are distinct processes that have influenced humanity in different ways. While cultural evolution encompasses the developments in human behavior, technology, beliefs, and social systems, biological evolution refers to the changes in genetic traits in populations over generations.
Historical particularism highlights the diverse paths cultures may take, rejecting the unilineal models of cultural evolution that assumed a single trajectory towards civility. Moreover, while biological evolution can result in speciation and morphological changes over millennia, cultural evolution can occur much more rapidly, showing more immediate responses to environmental and social pressures.