Final answer:
The synchronic approach is a historical method that analyzes phenomena or texts within their original context, closely related to the contextualist approach in philosophy. It contrasts with a chronological approach that arranges history linearly. This approach is important for global citizens to understand interconnected historical developments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the synchronic (historical) approach, which is a method of interpreting texts by considering them within the historical context of their creation. This method has evolved in the field of historiography and various branches of the humanities, and was notably developed in the context of linguistics by Ferdinand de Saussure. It differs from the chronological approach that views history as a sequence of events organized in linear time, from ancient to modern. Unlike the chronological approach, a synchronic view attempts to understand phenomena at a given moment in time, without regard for historical development. A key concern of this approach is the understanding of philosophical and cultural texts based on the conditions and factors present at the time of their creation. This aligns closely with the contextualist approach in the study of the history of philosophy, which is characterized by an emphasis on historical and cultural context to avoid anachronistic interpretations and appreciate the text's original value. In historiography, the synchronic approach demands a global citizen mindset where one is aware of the interconnectedness of events and ideas beyond just the national framework. Understanding the role of Greek ideas in the evolution of philosophy, for instance, requires acknowledging that they were influenced by and transmitted through various civilizations, including Egyptian and Babylonian cultures.