Final answer:
Exiles are individuals who have been expelled or choose to leave their country with no intention of returning, often due to political reasons; refugees are those forced to leave due to conflict or natural disaster and have rights to seek asylum; migrants move for various reasons, such as employment or education.
Step-by-step explanation:
Exiles are individuals who have been expelled from their country by the authorities or have chosen to leave with no expectation of returning, often due to political oppression or war. The concept of exile holds various historical significances, particularly in ancient Rome, where individuals could be legally exiled, losing all their civic rights and becoming outsiders in the eyes of the state. Exile could be self-imposed to avoid more severe punishment, such as the death penalty, or could result from a person angering those in power, as in the case of the poet Ovid who was exiled due to a mysterious 'poem and an error'.
Refugees are a related category of people who are forced to leave their countries due to war, persecution, or natural disaster. Unlike exiles, refugees often have an international legal right to seek asylum and are protected under the 1951 United Nations Refugee Convention. This convention builds upon the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which establishes the legal right to asylum.
Migrants include a broader group of individuals who move from one location to another for various reasons, such as employment, education, natural disasters, war, or ethnic persecution. These migrations can be internal within a country or transnational, and can be temporary or permanent. The terms emigrate and immigrate refer to the act of leaving one's country and coming into another, respectively.