Final answer:
Eliot Liebow is the sociologist who conducted qualitative research documented in Talley's Corner, not W. E. B. Du Bois, who was also a significant figure in the field of sociology. The correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sociologist who documented groundbreaking qualitative research with African American men in Talley's Corner is B) Eliot Liebow. While W. E. B. Du Bois was a pioneering sociologist who made significant contributions to empirical sociology and the study of African American communities, the specific work on Talley's Corner is attributed to Eliot Liebow.
His qualitative research was influential in understanding the lives and experiences of African American men in urban settings.