Final answer:
The correct term describing the phenomenon of children of immigrants rejecting aspects of mainstream culture is 'Second Generation Decline', which is associated with challenges to social mobility and cultural assimilation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The terms presented in the question relate to concepts of cultural assimilation and intergenerational dynamics among immigrant families, particularly within the context of sociological studies. The correct term that describes the phenomenon of children of immigrants rejecting aspects of mainstream culture and opportunities for social mobility is Second Generation Decline. This concept is tied to a broader discourse on immigrant integration, identity formation, and the social, economic, and cultural challenges faced by first and second-generation immigrants.
In understanding this concept, it's important to note the duality of experiences as observed in historical contexts. The second generation may sometimes reject mainstream culture as a form of preserving their own cultural identity or as a reaction to perceived discrimination or social alienation. This rejection can potentially affect their social mobility and economic opportunities. Authors such as Herbert J. Gans and Ritty Lukose have provided insights into the downward mobility of immigrants and the need for a re-alignment in American education to better accommodate and understand immigrant identities, respectively.