Final answer:
Modern Western concepts of sexual orientation are shaped by religion, politics, society, and heteronormative standards, culminating in a multifaceted influence that makes 'E) All of the above' the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
Modern Western concepts of sexual orientation have been influenced by multiple factors, including religion, politics, societal norms and expectations, and what has traditionally been considered the standard or 'normal' sexuality, often referred to as heteronormativity.
Religions have historically set the tone for sexual behavior within societies, imposing standards that have long been adhered to. However, as societies evolve, so too do the influences shaping sexual orientation concepts, with contemporary politics, societal changes, and increased visibility and activism within the LGBTQIA+ community playing significant roles.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is E) All of the above, as all these factors collectively shape modern Western views on sexuality.