Final answer:
The extensive colonization process in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries predominantly occurred in Africa, as European powers eagerly divided and controlled almost the entire continent in the Scramble for Africa. Other regions like Indochina and various Pacific islands also underwent colonization by nations such as France, Japan, and the United States.The correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
Colonization in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
The Scramble for Africa during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries resulted in nearly the entire African continent falling under European control.
Various European powers, driven by a more aggressive form of nationalism and the desire for wealth and resources such as gold, diamonds, and oil, rapidly colonized vast territories.
The establishment of colonies served multiple purposes, including economic exploitation, the demonstration of power, and the expansion of territory.
While India remained a lucrative part of the British Empire, it was Africa that truly embodied the peak of new imperialism by the European powers, dramatically reshaping the global political landscape.
Countries like France expanded their colonial territories into regions like Indochina and, apart from European nations, Japan became an active colonizer in Asia, particularly in Korea.
The competitive environment for establishing colonies led not only to significant changes in the colonized regions but also occasionally resulted in conflicts among the colonial powers themselves.
In addition, the United States also significantly expanded its influence by acquiring territories such as Hawaii, Guam, and the Philippines during this period.The correct option is B.