Final answer:
Institutionalized sexism can occur in the workplace, education, and politics, which means the correct answer is D) All of the Above. This discrimination stems from prejudiced beliefs and exists at various levels of society, influenced by gender stereotypes and societal norms such as the glass ceiling.
Step-by-step explanation:
Institutionalized sexism can occur in various societal sectors including the workplace, education, and politics. Therefore, the correct answer to where institutionalized sexism can happen is D) All of the Above.
Sexism involves prejudiced beliefs that value one sex over another and can vary in severity. In some parts of the world, this discrimination can lead to young girls receiving less access to essential services compared to boys.
Discrimination based on sex can occur at both the individual level and through societal systems, the latter being referred to as institutional discrimination.
This type of discrimination is evident when certain groups are systematically disadvantaged through embedded societal norms, such as the glass ceiling phenomenon in corporate leadership roles, where women are significantly underrepresented in executive positions.
Moreover, gender stereotypes often underpin sexism, creating expectations for how individuals should behave based on their sex.
An example of this is when female job applicants are viewed negatively for self-promoting, which goes against traditional gender expectations for modesty.
Instances of discrimination can also be seen in hiring practices, employment opportunities, and the higher likelihood of women receiving certain mental disorder diagnoses, which can perpetuate sexist beliefs.