Final answer:
Durkheim's theory on crime is that society requires deviance and punishments to reaffirm cultural values and norms. He believed that social facts were real and existed outside the individual.
Step-by-step explanation:
Émile Durkheim's theory on crime is based on his belief that society is like a living organism, where every part has a necessary role to keep it alive. He argued that even socially deviant members of society are necessary because punishments for deviance reaffirm cultural values and norms. Durkheim called these elements of society "social facts" and believed they were real and existed outside the individual.