Final answer:
A short-term bodily reaction to stress that is not inherited by future generations is known as an acute stress response or the fight-or-flight response. It is part of the general adaptation syndrome and prepares the body for immediate action.
Step-by-step explanation:
A short-term bodily reaction to stress, which is not passed on to future generations, is referred to as an acute stress response or more commonly as the fight-or-flight response. This response is triggered when an individual perceives a threat, leading to a series of physiological changes that prepare the body to either confront or flee from the danger. When exposed to short-term stressors such as giving a presentation or taking an exam, short-term bodily reactions like an increased heart rate, faster breathing, and muscle tension occur to prime the body for quick action. These reactions are part of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), specifically the first stage called the alarm reaction. However, it's important to note that these acute responses are temporary and do not lead to long-term changes in a person's DNA that would affect future generations.