Final answer:
A totem is the symbol or emblem of a social unit demonstrating a special spiritual relationship with an animal or plant. Totemism, the system behind this belief, connects human groups with the natural world fostering respect and identity within the clan and is reflected in modern symbols like sports mascots.
Step-by-step explanation:
The symbol or emblem of a social unit with a special relationship with an animal is called a totem. This concept, known as totemism, is a belief and classification system in which a group of humans acknowledges a spiritual kinship with an animal (or plant) that serves as the group's emblem. Totemism reflects a metaphorical relationship that links humans to the natural world, including animals, plants, landforms, and weather events, creating a unified web of life.
For instance, the Anishinaabe, a North American Indigenous tribe, historically had various clans with local animals as their totems, like the loon, crane, fish, bear, marten, and deer, signifying special relationships between clan members and these species. In modern societies, while not constructing physical totems, symbolic connection with animals persists through sports mascots and family heraldry, like the Detroit Lions or the Boston Bruins, symbolizing certain qualities and local identity.