Final answer:
The FOXP2 gene mutation in the 'KE' family, which resembles that in chimpanzees, is associated with a speech disorder and provides insight into the genetic basis of language development in humans. However, the emergence of human language is believed to be a multifaceted process influenced by numerous genetic factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mutation of the FOXP2 gene found in the 'KE' family from the United Kingdom, which is similar to that in chimpanzees, helps to explain a speech disorder that affects pronunciation, causes stuttering, and limits vocabulary. The FOXP2 gene is often referred to as the 'language gene' because of its suspected role in the development of language in humans. This mutation in the KE family offers insights into the genetic factors that may contribute to language and communication disorders
Researchers discovered that the human version of FOXP2 is slightly different from that of nonhuman primates, and it is believed to have mutated around 260,000 years ago. This mutation may have facilitated the development of spoken language in Neanderthals and Homo sapiens. However, the emergence of human language is complex and involves multiple genetic and anatomical factors beyond just the FOXP2 gene.
Moreover, the study of hominid evolution and the comparison of human and chimpanzee genes reveal that we share more than 97% of our DNA. This genetic similarity extends to behaviors and capabilities such as the development of language and culture, further highlighting the importance of genetic mutations in our evolutionary history.