Final answer:
McMurphy is working to challenge the oppressive authority within the mental institution to restore individuality and freedom among the patients.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the Chief in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, McMurphy is trying very hard to challenge the oppressive rules and authority within the mental institution.
McMurphy's actions are driven by his desire to restore individuality and freedom amongst the patients who have been subdued by the institution's strict regime, represented by Nurse Ratched. His efforts to stand up against the controlling system aim to incite rebellion and to awaken the urge for self-determination in others.