Final answer:
The statement that nomadic pastoralism involves the entire group moving seasonally is true. This practice differs from transhumant pastoralism, which involves seasonal migration between established settlements and is characterized by a mixture of herding and possibly small farming.
Step-by-step explanation:
Nomadic pastoralism is a mobility practice where the entire group moves seasonally. This statement is true. Nomadic pastoralism involves the movement of an entire group along with their herds in search of fresh pastures in a seasonal cycle. This lifestyle is distinct from transhumant pastoralism, where movements occur between two fixed points, such as a summer and a winter residence, and not all members of the community may travel.
In contrast, transhumant pastoralism typically features seasonal migration between established settlements, sometimes leaving the young and elderly behind, integrating a mixture of herding and small farming, and relying on trade with agricultural communities for resources not produced within the pastoral society. Nomadic pastoralism requires large rangelands and is often associated with societies that cannot easily be taxed or controlled due to their constant movement. As such, these nomadic groups may have historically engaged in conflict with sedentary agriculturalist societies.
However, in the twenty-first century, traditional nomadic lifestyles are under threat due to factors such as climate change, political conflict, and economic pressures, leading to changes in lifestyle and sometimes violent clashes over resources like land and water.