Final answer:
The Maasai tribe in Kenya practices transhumance pastoralism, which involves seasonal migration and is impacted by climate change and other factors causing erratic weather conditions and competition for resources.
Step-by-step explanation:
The people of Kenya who practice transhumance pastoralism are predominantly the Maasai tribe. This form of pastoralism involves seasonal migration between two households situated in different geographical areas. Transhumant pastoralists, such as the Maasai, move their herds to access fresh pastures in sync with the changes of the seasons. This lifestyle requires mobility and is characterized by the pastoralists having temporary residences, like tents, that allow them to move with their herds.
Transhumance pastoralism differs from nomadic pastoralism as it follows a set pattern of relocation between specific locations, rather than the unpredictable movements based on resource availability that characterizes nomadic pastoralism. The strategy of transhumance allows for the combination of herding with other forms of subsistence, such as small farming, although pastoralists are largely dependent on trade with agricultural societies for vegetable products.
Climate change, political conflicts, and economic factors are increasingly impacting the practice of transhumance pastoralism. This is evidenced by the climatic difficulties pastoralists face, such as erratic rainfall leading to droughts and competition for grazing lands, which can sometimes result in conflicts with agricultural societies and other herders.