Final answer:
Believing a claim because someone is an authority is known as an argument from authority, a fallacy of weak induction. It's related to the bandwagon fallacy, where belief is based on popularity rather than evidence.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Kida, believing a claim solely because a person is in a position of authority is a logical fallacy known as argument from authority. This type of reasoning is a fallacy of weak induction, where the argument relies on the authority of the individual rather than evidence or logical reasoning. This is closely related to the bandwagon fallacy, where one might believe something to be true simply because a large number of people believe in it, which also doesn't guarantee the truth or validity of the claim. Both fallacies highlight the importance of critical thinking and evaluating arguments based on their merits rather than on who is presenting them or how many people believe them.