Final answer:
Hegemony describes how power is maintained through the dissemination of values and beliefs, while resistance refers to challenging power and domination. Ideology is a set of ideas that reflects the worldview of a specific group and becomes hegemony when dominant.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hegemony: Hegemony describes how people with power keep their power through the subtle dissemination of certain values and beliefs. It relies on mechanisms such as education, religion, and family to maintain authority. Antonio Gramsci, a founding member of the Communist Party of Italy, proposed this concept.
Resistance: Resistance refers to the act of challenging power and domination. Marxist and feminist anthropologists in the 1980s and 1990s explored the relationship between resistance and social inequalities. It can be both overt and subtle, depending on individuals' level of agency in opposing systems of oppression.
Ideology: Ideology is a set of ideas, values, and symbols that reflect the worldview of a particular group or class in society. When an ideology becomes dominant, it becomes hegemony. Terry Eagleton describes ideology as an intertwined set of ideas that supports the social order.