Final answer:
In ancient China, early domesticated animals included dogs and pigs, with sheep in the north and water buffalo in the south. Goats, while not specifically mentioned for China, were among the earliest domesticated animals globally. The domestication of various animals and plants played a vital role in China's development and the rise of its early dynasties.
Step-by-step explanation:
The rise of agriculture in ancient China led to the domestication of various animals and plants, tailored to the needs and environments of different regions. Among the earliest domesticated animals in ancient China were dogs and pigs, with evidence of their domestication dating back to Neolithic settlements around 8000 BCE. In the northern regions, where millet was primarily grown, livestock such as sheep were also tamed to adapt to the colder climate. In contrast, in the southern parts of China, where rice cultivation was prevalent, farmers domesticated animals that were suited to the wetter conditions, such as water buffalo.
While goats are not explicitly mentioned in the provided reference materials regarding China, it's known from historical context that goats were among the earliest domesticated animals in the world, with domestication occurring in the Near East around 10,000 years ago. In ancient China, numerous types of plants and other domestic animals contributed significantly to the development of complex societies and the rise of its early dynasties. Furthermore, these agricultural practices allowed for the proliferation of unique Neolithic cultures, which paved the way for significant technological and political advancements.