Question

How can the cells lining the gut detect microbes that can form a threat of infection?

Answer 1

The cells lining the gut, such as M cells and dendritic cells, detect potential pathogens and trigger an immune response.

Step-by-step explanation:

The cells lining the gut, particularly microfold (M) cells and dendritic cells, play a crucial role in detecting microbes that can pose a threat of infection. M cells in the small intestine are specialized cells that sample potential pathogens from the intestinal lumen and transfer antigens to lymphocytes in Peyer's patches, which trigger an immune response. Dendritic cells evaluate microbial antigens and present them to T cells in lymphoid follicles, leading to an IgA-mediated response that blocks commensal organisms from infiltrating the mucosa.

Answer 2

The gut lining acts as a vigilant security guard, protecting us from harmful microbes.

Mucus Barrier: A thick, sticky layer traps microbes before they reach the cells.

Pattern Recognition: Specialized receptors on the cells identify danger signs on microbes, triggering alarms.

Tight Junctions: Sealed cell borders form a wall, preventing intruders from sneaking through.

Antimicrobial Peptides: Powerful molecules act like tiny bouncers, throwing out unwanted microbes.

M Cell Sampling: Special cells directly introduce suspicious microbes to the immune system for closer inspection.

Step-by-step explanation:

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