Final answer:
Large scale habitation of Bali was made possible through agricultural advancements, particularly the establishment of extensive irrigation systems, combined with religious practices that unified the community, and extensive foreign trade fostering economic prosperity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process that was necessary to allow large scale habitation of Bali involved a combination of agricultural development, religious and cultural integration, and foreign trade. The practice of Hinduism combined with Buddhist beliefs and native religious practices established a cohesive culture that played a part in the social organization of the island. However, key to sustaining a large population and societal complexity was the innovation in agriculture, particularly the development of an intricate irrigation system for rice cultivation, similar to other regional practices like the Banaue Rice Terraces. These agricultural economies depended on the ability to transform the landscape and maintain massive irrigation systems, allowing for the production of surplus food and a shift from subsistence farming to a more prosperous society. Additionally, the influence of trade with other regions, including India and even as far reaching as the Middle East, helped create a thriving economic system that supported the growth of the population.