Final answer:
The term that refers to the process of overwriting existing firmware or data with new data is a) Firmware update.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct term that refers to the process of overwriting existing firmware or data with new data is a) Firmware update. Firmware is a type of software that is stored in read-only memory (ROM) and controls the operation of a device. When a firmware update is performed, the existing firmware is replaced with a new version, which can include bug fixes, new features, and performance improvements.