Final answer:
Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) is a genetic condition that prevents the body from responding to androgens due to a mutation in the Androgen Receptor gene, causing individuals with XY chromosomes to develop with female characteristics.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)
Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) is genetic disorder that influences the body's responsiveness to androgens, which are male sex hormones. Individuals with AIS have a typical male XY chromosome pattern but have a female phenotype due to a mutation in the Androgen Receptor (AR) gene on the X chromosome. This mutation limits the ability of cells to respond to testosterone, thus hindering the development of male physical characteristics and leading to a predominantly female appearance despite having male genetic makeup.
This syndrome can vary in severity, with some individuals having partial insensitivity and others having complete insensitivity to androgens. People with complete AIS are often raised as females and may not be aware of their condition until puberty or when they face infertility issues.
The correct answer to the student's question is A) A genetic disorder affecting the body's response to androgens.