Final answer:
Religion can be both a cohesive force promoting societal stability and a mechanism for maintaining social inequalities. It is a cultural universal that adapts to societal needs and is found in all social groups, contributing fundamentally to social order. Its practices impact individuals and the broader society, demonstrating the intricate connection between religious experience and social structures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The relationship between religion and social order is complex. Religion often functions to maintain social order by providing a moral framework and reinforcing social norms and values. Social theorist Émile Durkheim defined religion as a "unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things" (1915), signifying its impact on social cohesion. However, different theories see this relationship in distinct ways. The functionalist perspective emphasizes that religion contributes to the stability and cohesion of society by providing opportunities for social interaction and the formation of groups, as well as promoting social control. On the contrary, conflict theory suggests that religion can maintain patterns of social inequality. Religion is a cultural universal and while it can change slowly, it reflects life and adapts to societal needs.
Even those who do not practice a religion are influenced by its structure in society. For example, the observance of religious holidays can result in the closing of schools and businesses, affecting everyone in the community.
Overall, religion and social order are deeply interconnected, shaping individuals' experiences and the cultural and societal landscapes in which they live.