Final answer:
Small-scale societies that continue to exist since contact and colonization are commonly known as Indigenous peoples. Despite European colonization, these groups have preserved or adapted their traditional practices. Indigenous societies often faced forced migration and cultural assimilation yet maintained aspects of their culture through resilience and adaptation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Small-scale societies that have persisted since the colonization period and maintain cultural continuities dating back to before their lands were invaded or colonized by other societies are commonly known as Indigenous peoples. These groups have historically lived in diverse regions with distinct cultures, subsistence strategies, and social structures. Despite the impact of colonization, Indigenous societies often retained or adapted their traditional practices, even under the pressure of European conquest and domination. Post-colonization, many of these societies faced challenges such as forced migration, economic hardship, and cultural assimilation, resulting in significant changes to their way of life.
Throughout history, the resilience of Indigenous peoples has manifested in various forms, from resistance and uprisings against colonizers to the incorporation of certain European aspects into their culture for survival. The Comanche tribe, for example, adopted horses and metal weaponry from the Spanish, which transformed them into a powerful entity capable of negotiating with European powers. Despite the pressures of colonization, some Indigenous groups succeeded in preserving vital elements of their original cultures, a process known as creolization.