Final answer:
Differential access to strategic resources based on social stratification is most common in state societies, which are highly centralized and stratified with significant resource inequities.
Step-by-step explanation:
Differential access to strategic resources based on social stratification most commonly occurs in state societies. In contrast to other forms of social organization such as bands, tribes, chiefdoms, and clans, state societies are large, stratified, multiethnic societies with a highly centralized leadership. They possess bureaucracies and systems of social control, along with military forces that exert exclusive control over a defined territory. These societies are considered the most stratified, meaning they have the highest resource inequities, where social groups are ranked according to wealth, power, or prestige. States rely on various modes of subsistence, along with military conquest and extensive regional trade, which enables them to develop multiethnic territories.